Tiger bones and rhino horns may have a role in traditional Chinese medicine, but critics say that trendy health products with no medical value made from endangered animals are only a status symbol for the wealthy. No significant benefits were observed in women randomly assigned to placebo group. 74.3% participants completed TB therapy experienced at least a 2-point decrease in patient-reported average pain, and 84.1% reported at least a 2-point decrease in stiffness. A partial list of traditional medicine uses for tiger parts: Bile: Used to treat convulsions in children Blood: Used to strengthen the constitution and build willpower Bone: Used as an anti-inflammatory to arthritis, rheumatism, back problems, general weakness, or headaches; also considered a powerful tonic Brain: A treatment for laziness and pimples Dispel wind and alleviate pain, strengthen bones and relieve convulsion. Meanwhile, records in Compendium of Materia Medica say that TB has the function of strengthening bone, expelling wind, and alleviating pain. Similar findings were seen for worst pain (3.9 versus 8.0), pain interference severity (1.9 versus 5.3), stiffness (2.4 versus 6.9), and joint symptom interference (1.8 versus 5.7), all . In this study, no significant differences were found in serum and FSH change after 12 weeks’ intervention, both in 2 groups, which proved that TB had no impact on AIs’ curative effect on breast cancer, ensuring the safety of TB treating AIMSS. The good news is that we noted many patients with AIMSS could get satisfying relief by bionic TB powder in clinical practice, with rare bad effects. That is mainly because postmenopausal women with AIMSS usually exhibit a specific pathological change associated with deficiency of kidney essence, such as pain, stiffness, and dysfunction [25]. Participants in placebo group were given calcium carbonate tablets (CFDA: H10950029), whose main ingredients are calcium and vitamin D, with recommended dose of 600 mg daily. We also found differences between 2 groups in average pain (2 to 5.6), worst pain (3.9 to 8), pain interference severity (1.9 to 5.3), stiffness (2.4 to 6.9), and joint symptom interference (1.8 to 5.7), all ; similar findings were seen in VAS value (3 to 6.6) at the end of intervention. As for HRQoL measured by FACT-B, the improvement of physical well-being had statistical significance; however no same results were seen for other items. "The fact that it is a state-owned monopoly makes it even more profitable. Considering that breast cancer is a hormone-related disease, we also assayed estradiol () and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from patients’ serum samples at the baseline, week 6, and week 12 time point, so as to see if the intervention would influence patients’ hormone levels. Is there any firm scientific evidence that it actually achieves this? osteogenic loading does work through deformation of the bone, or Wolffs law. Copyright © 2017 Yifan Li et al. Studies show that it works extremely well if force production is sufficient- 4.2x multiple of body weight for the lower extemity bones is he minimum require to elicit the steoblastic activity and inner bone growth. Legal notice | HRQoL measured by FACT-B was improved. Hence bionic TB powder has taken place of TB and has been widely used in clinical practice to treat osteoporosis and arthrosis. Consequences are that AIMSS not only impairs the quality of patients’ life, but also hinders their compliance, which will definitely disrupt further treatments. Send Facebook Twitter reddit EMail Facebook Messenger Web Whatsapp Web Telegram linkedin. Of 70 evaluable cases, 8 of 35 patients (22.9%) developed new or worsening point symptoms in TB group, compared to 21 of 35 (60%) in placebo group (). It is applied topically on the affected region. Read more: China's lifting of its rhino horn ban reverberates in a Kenyan school. There were 26 patients reporting over 2 points’ decrease for average pain in TB group (74.3%) at 12 weeks. Given tigers are protected animals, scientists adopted bionic research method to develop bionic tiger bone powder, which has similar ingredients to natural tiger bone. The outcome comparison between the 2 groups was compared using paired t-test. In traditional Chinese medicine, tiger wine, made using powdered bones, allegedly cures many ills including ulcers, cramp, rheumatism, stomach … One patient immigrated to Japan, and another patient had scheduling difficulties to continue. Tiger is a topical relief cream that is applied directly to the area experiencing pain. Osteostrong is a franchise brand that offers osteogenic loading. Besides, more biomarkers should be conducted to evaluate the response to TB therapy such as inflammatory biomarkers. The active components of Tiger Balm are extracted from plants and held together by paraffin oil. "No one is there because they are ill. Exclusion criteria were the following: (1) patients with endocrine and any other diseases influencing bone metabolism (e.g., hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, diabetes, Cushing’s syndrome, chronic liver disease, nephropathy, myeloma, bone tumor, or bone metastasis), (2) use of agents influencing bone metabolism (e.g., glucocorticoid, thyroid hormone, heparin, anticonvulsants, diuretics, or bisphosphonates), except calcium agents, within the past 3 months, (3) contraindications to calcium agents and vitamin D, (4) diagnosis of primary osteoarticular diseases, (5) presence of other primary tumors and severe heart, liver, kidney, and hematopoietic system diseases, and (6) presence of pregnancy, mental illness, or cognitive handicap. Most of them were diagnosed I to II pathological stage. Participants in TB group were given tiger bone powder made into capsules, which have been approved by China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA: Z20030080) to treat arthralgia, and the recommended dose is 1.2 g, 3 times daily. Those theories drove us to seek whether TB could treat AIMSS and to explore its mechanism, potential efficacy, and safety. Of the 35 patients in TB group, 8 of them (22.9%) developed new or worsening joint symptoms, compared with 21 of 35 (60%) in placebo (). Over the past decade, the park has been wracked by scandal and accused of selling illegally produced tiger products. They typically consist of one anode, and one or more cathodes. Dr. Wenping Lu, Feifei Cui, Jialing Liu, and Yitong Wang performed provision of study materials or patients. At baseline, mean pain value was 6.3 and 6.4 () for the TB and placebo groups, respectively. FACT-B was used as the secondary outcome. No change of serum estradiol and FSH between two groups. Other parts, like its whiskers, are worn as talismans or protective charms or used to sooth toothaches. FACT-B was used as the secondary outcome. FACT-B measures physical, social/family, emotional, and functional well-being and additional concerns [9]. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Packages of Social Sciences software (SPSS 20.0). Tiger Balm is a product designed to offer instant relief to pain. Another participant in placebo group, her husband had a job change, and the whole family had moved to Japan on week 8. Similar findings were seen for VAS value at the end of intervention. The only place I know you can find real tiger bone wine is North Korea, yes, Kim Jong-un's North Korea. Above all, with more evidence proving the benefit of long-term AI therapy in the adjuvant setting, AI-induced arthralgia is becoming one of major issues for breast cancer survivors. Both medicines were asked to be taken with an interval of more than half an hour from AI and lasted 12 weeks. No significant differences were observed for the FACT-B social/family, emotional, and functional well-being subscales and additional concerns. China’s licensed domestic trade in leopard bone wine and pills is a major driver … Tiger Balm is a brand-name topical medication used to alleviate pain. There was no reason given for removing the ban and the announcement drew condemnation from wildlife activists along with doctors of traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese consumers. Most patients in China moved to TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) for help. And 2 participants failed to continue the intervention. Chinese traditional medicine theory considers that kidneys are generating essence and governing bones. And, per the National Geographic, tiger bone is used as a protector against "rheumatism and arthritis — and for impotence and flagging libido. The numerical rating scale ranges from 0 to 10, with 10 indicating the greatest severity or interference. Privacy Policy | 5, Beixiange, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100053, China, Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, H. J. Burstein, C. Lacchetti, H. Anderson et al., “Adjuvant Endocrine therapy for women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer: american society of clinical oncology clinical practice guideline update on ovarian suppression,”, P. E. Goss, J. N. Ingle, S. Martino et al., “A randomized trial of letrozole in postmenopausal women after five years of tamoxifen therapy for early-stage breast cancer,”, N. L. Henry, J. T. Giles, and V. Stearns, “Aromatase inhibitor-associated musculoskeletal symptoms: etiology and strategies for management,”, Q. J. Khan, A. P. O'Dea, and P. Sharma, “Musculoskeletal adverse events associated with adjuvant aromatase inhibitors,”, K. D. Crew, H. Greenlee, J. Capodice et al., “Prevalence of joint symptoms in postmenopausal women taking aromatase inhibitors for early-stage breast cancer,”, L. D. H. Zheng, “Clinical research on tiger bone and bionic tiger bone,”, W. D. H. Qingyu, “Research progress on pharmacological effects of bionic tiger bone powder,”, C. S. Cleeland and K. M. Ryan, “Pain assessment: global use of the brief pain inventory,”, M. J. Brady, D. F. Cella, F. Mo et al., “Reliability and validity of the functional assessment of cancer therapy-breast quality-of-life instrument,”, A. U. Buzdar, “Clinical features of joint symptoms observed in the ‘Arimidex’, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination (ATAC) trial,”, J. R. Garreau, T. DeLaMelena, D. Walts, K. Karamlou, and N. Johnson, “Side effects of aromatase inhibitors versus tamoxifen: the patients' perspective,”, C. A. Presant, L. Bosserman, T. Young et al., “Aromatase inhibitor-associated arthralgia and/or bone pain: frequency and characterization in non-clinical trial patients,”, A. L. Rastelli, M. E. Taylor, F. Gao et al., “Vitamin D and aromatase inhibitor-induced musculoskeletal symptoms (AIMSS): a phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial,”, N. L. Henry, M. Banerjee, M. Wicha et al., “Pilot study of duloxetine for treatment of aromatase inhibitor-associated musculoskeletal symptoms,”, K. D. Crew, J. L. Capodice, H. Greenlee et al., “Pilot study of acupuncture for the treatment of joint symptoms related to adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy in postmenopausal breast cancer patients,”, K. D. Crew, J. L. Capodice, H. Greenlee et al., “Randomized, blinded, sham-controlled trial of acupuncture for the management of aromatase inhibitor-associated joint symptoms in women with early-stage breast cancer,”, Y. E. Jing, B. Wang, X.-A. Tiger Balm (for the skin) is a combination medicine used to relieve minor muscle or joint pain. After the announcement, China's Sina Weibo erupted with criticism. Modern studies have shown prominent anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antiosteoporotic effects of bionic TB [7]. A randomization list was prepared using random permuted blocks, and consecutive assignments were placed into separate numbered, sealed envelopes. More than half of the participants were naturally menopausal. Impossible to find at normal pharmacies and on online shopping sites, it's been an open secret that those with connections to zoos, farms and wildlife parks could access tiger skin and bone products. Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics. Background. You can find more information in our data protection declaration. It is based on using all natural ingredients including herbs and animal parts. Our study indicates that TB can play an important role in assisting traditional Chinese herbal medicine in the long-term treatment for AIMSS, in order to alleviate adverse reaction and improve the quality of life much better. Although large clinical trials have proved AIs to be effective and safe [2], follow-up reports showed that more than 50% of the patients had developed AI-Associated Musculoskeletal Symptoms (AIMSS) [3], which include arthralgia and stiffness of hands, knees, hips, shoulders, and back. That might be mainly due to the impact on pain of TB, and the pain was improved, thus influencing participants’ physical well-being, which indicates that TB has no significant effect on other parts of life for breast cancer patients treated with AIs. We recruited eligible patients from Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing. It has been proved that AI is more effective in decreasing the risk of recurrence of breast cancer than Tamoxifen [1], which indicates the important role of AI for adjuvant therapy of postmenopausal breast cancer. Read more: Tiger Bones Sell For 100 Euros. AIs treat breast cancer mainly by reducing estrogen conversion, thus lowering serum estradiol level [29]. Patients were asked to complete the following questionnaires at baseline, week 6, and week 12 to evaluate change in pain and functional status. Joint symptom incidence rate and severity of the pain including average pain, worst pain, pain interference severity, stiffness, and joint symptom interference by M-BPI and VAS were used as the primary outcomes. Those above may be the mechanism of TB treating AIMSS. The report said the farm considered the tiger carcasses to be worth a fortune and had been waiting for the lift of the tiger products ban. Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are used for adjuvant therapy of breast cancer; however AIMSS (AI-Associated Musculoskeletal Symptoms) can negatively affect quality of life and compliance. Patients completed the M-BPI, VAS, and FACT-B at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. How Does Tiger Balm Work? Review articles are excluded from this waiver policy. Conclusions. It is hard to know what to make of the possible risk, said Dr. Bart Clarke, a professor of medicine at the Mayo Clinic and president of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the TB prevented AIMSS in postmenopausal women with ER/PR+ breast cancer. In an enormous setback for wildlife conservation, China announced it will allow hospitals to use tiger bone and rhino horn from captive-bred animals for traditional medicine. Pungent, warm; liver and kidney meridians entered. One in TB group lost her mother at 3 weeks, so that she had difficulties in scheduling. Tiger bone products are believed to strenghen bones and joints. Methods. Camphor, which comes from the Cinnamomum camphora plant, induces warm and col… Menthol, eucalyptus, and oil of wintergreen are believed to relieve pain by briefly inducing a sensation of discomfort, possibly serving as a distraction from the pain.2 Such formulations are called counterirritants and offer temporary pain relief. Tiger bone wine is an alcoholic beverage originally produced in China using the bones of tigers as a necessary ingredient. 72 patients were randomly assigned to bionic tiger bone powder or placebo group, 36 patients in each group. The endangered animals are bred for luxury items, like tiger bone wine and tigerskin rugs. Photo by Kim Hong-Ji/Reuters. "China is eager to export its culture, and traditional medicine is considered part of China's heritage and pride," said Zhang. In December 2005, Save the Tiger Fund (STF), a program of the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, entered into a three-year agreement with the American College of Traditional Chinese Medicine to conduct a global campaign against the use of tiger bone as a medicine and tonic. Inclusion criteria were the following: (1) pathologically confirmed stage 0 to III breast cancer with no recurrence and metastasis, (2) postmenopausal women including ovarian suppression and natural postmenopause, (3) current use of a third-generation aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole, letrozole, or exemestane) for no more than one month, (4) accompanied by recent symptoms of joint pains, (5) Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0–III, and (6) provided written informed consent before enrollment. Lv, and Z.-L. Sun, “Clinical study of acupuncture intervention in muscle, bone and joint pain caused by aromatase inhibitors in the treatment of breast cancer,”, J. J. Mao, D. W. Bruner, C. Stricker et al., “Feasibility trial of electroacupuncture for aromatase inhibitor—related arthralgia in breast cancer survivors,”, H. Greenlee, K. D. Crew, T. Shao et al., “Phase II study of glucosamine with chondroitin on aromatase inhibitor-associated joint symptoms in women with breast cancer,”, M. Kubo, H. Onishi, S. Kuroki et al., “Short-term and low-dose prednisolone administration reduces aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgia in patients with breast cancer,”, M. L. Galantino, K. Desai, L. Greene, A. Demichele, C. T. Stricker, and J. J. Mao, “Impact of yoga on functional outcomes in breast cancer survivors with aromatase inhibitor-associated arthralgias,”, N. Peng, Y. Zhang, C. Ma et al., “Effects of the traditional Chinese medicine Yi Shen Jian Gu granules on aromatase inhibitor-associated musculoskeletal symptoms: A Study Protocol For A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial,”, H. X. Zhongshen Liu and G. Li, “Effects of collagen factor on aging mice bone strength and composition,”, R. L. Yuming Fan, “Effects of bionic tiger bone on osteoporosis caused by tretinoin of rats,”, R. H. Dworkin, D. C. Turk, K. W. Wyrwich et al., “Interpreting the clinical importance of treatment outcomes in chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations,”, J. Kitawaki, “Review Endometriosis: the pathophysiology as an estrogen-dependent disease,”. Between 2000 and 2015, 1,750 tiger part products were seized in Asia. Based on that, treatments should focus on tonifying the kidney, fortifying the bone, and dispelling the pathogenic factors. This supported a market for exclusive luxury goods sought by rich and powerful Chinese. It is most often used as additional therapy, or … The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the TB prevented AIMSS in postmenopausal women with ER/PR+ breast cancer.Metho… We modified the inventory by adding “stiffness” (one of the most common symptoms of AIMSS) and “joint symptom interference” to quantify joint stiffness status and evaluate the pain more specifically, on the same 0–10 scale. Anyone has tiger bone wine from China, it must be fake. Dosage and Administrations. What does research say about tiger parenting? In this study, we confirmed that postmenopausal women with AI-induced arthralgia demonstrate an improvement in joint pain, stiffness, and functional ability after 12 weeks of TB therapy. Serum and FSH were tested every 6 weeks. These products are so rare that they are either completely unavailable or completely unaffordable for normal people," the doctor said, adding that they are "never used in prescriptions.". In the UK there are shops that sell traditional Chinese medicine and some of these products contain tiger bone. Indications. Speaking of AIMSS, there is not specific record of it in traditional Chinese medicine literature, but it should be attributed to bone rheumatism. A student takes college entrance exams. Due to the unknown mechanism of AIMSS, common treatments mainly aim at relieving the symptoms, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics, calcitriol agents, vitamin D, and exercise. Last week China's State Council said the country would reverse a ban on the trade of products made from tigers and rhinos. The baseline characteristics of the unevaluable participants were not significantly different from the treated groups. In traditional Chinese medicine, tiger bones are believed to help cure conditions like rheumatism and arthritis, along with erectile dysfunction. Primarily, Tiger Balm works by intercepting pain signals before they … Tiger Balm may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. “We can’t advertise our tiger wine in Beijing at the moment because the The dual-acting type of osteoporosis medication helps build bone while reducing bone density loss. Actions. We described demographic, clinical, and outcome variables by using means and standard deviations for continuous variables and percentages for categoric variables by treatment group. However, the exact pathogenesis of AIMSS stays unknown, and present therapies mainly aim at relieving symptoms, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics, calcitriol agents, vitamin D, and exercise, whereas the effects are not as much satisfying, given that doctors keep searching for more effective complementary and alternative therapies. One user pointed out on the Twitter-like social media service that when bones and horns are ground into powder, there can be no way to determine if they came from captive or wild animals. Contact I don't know why Kim has real tiger bone wine either, I've never been to North Korea. How Tiger Balm Works? "With wild tiger and rhino populations at such low levels and facing numerous threats, legalized trade in their parts is simply too great a gamble for China to take," Margaret Kinnaird from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) said in a statement. Background. And more than half of the patients took anastrozole instead of letrozole and exemestane. Rhino horn is ground into a powder and is considered either to be a pain killer and a detoxifying agent. However, the medical effect of tiger bone has never been determined. 72 patients were enrolled, of which 70 were evaluable. 2017, Article ID 2478565, 8 pages, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2478565, 1Oncology Department, Guang’anmen Hospital, No. TB (tiger bone) is used to treat bone disease, whose main ingredients are calcium and collagen. Officials in Beijing said that trade volume would be "controlled" and tiger bones and rhino horns would only be obtained from animals in captivity for use in "medical research or healing.". Tiger bone (TB) is one precious Chinese medicine material. Alternative Medicine to Tiger Parts There are close to 11,000 natural, traditional Chinese medicines that can be used to treat ailments and disease. © 2020 Deutsche Welle | Another user asked what the difference is between tiger bones and pig bones and how can bones even be considered medicine? No significant differences were found for the estradiol () and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on 6 weeks or 12 weeks in either group (all ), and there were no significant differences between the two groups in 12 weeks’ time () (Table 4). Participants, investigators, statisticians, and all study staff are blinded, under the supervision of Ethics Committee of Guang’anmen Hospital. By raising the demand for these goods, the farms pose a threat to wild tigers, says author J.A. Sign up here as a reviewer to help fast-track new submissions. Dr. Wenping Lu received financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), H2902 and H2704. The authors thank Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China, and Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China for the administrative support. Yifan Li and Zhenhua Zhang performed data analysis and interpretation. Statistical significance will be defined as two-sided value of <0.05. And group assignments will not be revealed until the entire study is completed. Besides, calcium to phosphorus ratio of TB makes it suitable for body to absorb, whereas it also contains various organic components, such as collagen, analgesic peptide, bone morphogenetic protein, bone growth factors, and polyose. TB (tiger bone) is used to treat bone disease, whose main ingredients are calcium and collagen. Modified Brief Pain Inventory (M-BPI) and pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were adopted to evaluate the pain and functional status. At 12 weeks, the mean M-BPI average pain score was 2.0 and 5.6 () for the TB and placebo groups, respectively, corresponding to 50% improvement in scores compared with baseline in the TB group. But Lieberman says, “I know of no evidence for that.” No real tiger bone wine in China, China has less than 30 wide tigers, like 6-7 k tigers in the zoo. Joint pain and headaches are common side effects. Clinical information was obtained via chart abstraction. sailong bone is smaller than tiger bone… its strength is obviously higher than tiger.” Many leaders of the TCM community believe the use of tiger bone is not in the best interests of TCM’s reputation as it strives to become a respected global healthcare choice. The decision reverses a decades-old ban that has been instrumental in preventing the extinction of endangered tigers and rhinos. Physical well-being measured by the FACT-B showed a significant improvement for TB group compared with placebo group (22.23 versus 19.93; ) (Table 3). According to professor Zhang, interest groups managed to convince Chinese authorities to decide on such an unpopular policy using political propaganda. Juling Jiang and Wenxin Ma collected and assembled the data. Dr. Wenping Lu, Yifan Li, Zhenhua Zhang, Feifei Cui, Jialing Liu, Yitong Wang, Juling Jiang, and Wenxin Ma approved of the final manuscript. The Effect of Tiger bone Property. I would be very surprised if there was. ", Read more: Indonesia makes arrests over slaughtered endangered tiger, Stolen African donkeys sate Chinese demand for traditional medicine. We are committed to sharing findings related to COVID-19 as quickly as possible. This is an improvement that has been shown to be clinically meaningful in studies of other chronic pain conditions and that is the cut-off recommended by the Initiative on Methods, Measurement, and Pain Assessment in Clinical Trials consensus committee [28]. The production process takes approximately eight … Even during the ban period, there was an active black market for medicinal animal parts. Some of the more common osteoporosis medications and how they work include: Bisphosphonates: interfere … You get it as a shot. | Mobile version, Last week China's State Council said the country would reverse a ban on the trade of products made from tigers and rhinos, China's lifting of its rhino horn ban reverberates in a Kenyan school, Indonesia makes arrests over slaughtered endangered tiger. Women enrolled was 57 years ( range, 27 to 73 years.. Zhang participated in the last 10 years, 7,100 wild rhinos have been in... Mainly by reducing estrogen conversion, thus lowering serum estradiol level [ ]! Week 8 numbered, sealed envelopes was 6.3 and 6.4 ( ) for the money and the doctors scammers..., Article ID 2478565, 8 pages, 2017. https: //doi.org/10.1155/2017/2478565, 1Oncology Department, Guang ’ Hospital. ( TB ) is used to treat osteoporosis and arthrosis joint pain horn..., China Academy of Chinese every day all 72 enrolled participants, 6 weeks, and Zhenhua Zhang in. 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Messenger Web Whatsapp Web Telegram linkedin to improve our service for you baseline and! Juling Jiang and Wenxin Ma collected and assembled the data market for exclusive luxury goods sought by rich and Chinese! Listed in this medication guide M-BPI ) and pain Visual Analog Scale ( VAS ) adopted! Illness. prevented AIMSS in postmenopausal women with ER/PR+ breast cancer and how can bones even be medicine. Weeks, so that the result would be more convincing is considered either to be effective safe... We should try to build multicenters to process the following study, Stolen donkeys. Slows bone loss, increases bone density, and the doctors are scammers, '' said the country would a. By the flu or common cold charms or used to treat osteoporosis and arthrosis )! The flu or common cold typically consist of one anode, and or... Bone wine from China, it must be fake author J.A such an unpopular policy political... 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